Ammonia nh3

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm ammonia:

Ammonia yog lub gaseous compound nrog cov khoom siv lub cev thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg. Nws cov yam ntxwv yog tsuas yog muaj xim tsis muaj kob, pungent tsw, siab solubility thiab ua kom muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj peev xwm. Hauv qab no yog kev piav qhia los ntawm ob yam ntawm physics thiab chemistry.

1. Lub cev lub cev

1. Tsos thiab ntxhiab

Ammonia yog cov roj tsis muaj roj nyob ntawm chav tsev kub nrog cov ntxhiab tsw phem (zoo sib xws). Cov yeeb yam no ua rau nws yooj yim los tshawb pom, tab sis nws yog kev phom sij rau tib neeg lub pa ua pa ntawm cov kev muaj zog ntau.

2. Xeev kev hloov pauv

Ammonia tuaj yeem ua tau liquefied nyob rau hauv chav tsev nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub (tseem ceeb ntawm cov kua ammonia yog {}} 33.5 degree. Thaum qhov kub poob rau -77.75 degree, ammonia muaj peev xwm solorify rau hauv cov daus-zoo li cov khoom daus.

3. Solubility

Ammonia yog soluble heev nyob rau hauv dej . 1 ntim ntawm ammoos los tsim ib qho tsis muaj zog alkally almonia daws. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tseem yog soluble hauv cov kuab tshuaj muaj zog xws li ethanol thiab ether.

2. Tshuaj lom neeg

1. molecular qauv thiab muaj zog alkalinity

Cov ammonia molecule muaj 1 nitrogen atom thiab 3 hydrogen atoms, nrog ib lub tsheb laij teb, nrog cov qauv duab hluav taws xob. Tom qab dissolving nyob rau hauv dej, nws ib nrab discociates los tsim ammonium ions (nh₄⁺) thiab hydroxide (OH⁻), ua rau kev daws tsis muaj zog alkaline.

2. Kev txo qis thiab oxidation kev tawm tsam

Ammonia muaj kev txo thaj chaw thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov oxidants xws li oxygen thiab chlorine. Piv txwv li, nws rov qab nrog cov pa hauv qab kev ua ntawm cov catalyst los ua cov oxide nitric olide, uas yog cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam ntawm nitric acid.

3. nruab nrab kev tawm tsam nrog kua qaub

Ammonia tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ncaj qha nrog cov tshuaj acidic (xws li hydrochloric acid thiab sulfuric acid) los tsim cov ntsev o ammonium. Piv txwv li, thaum nws nkag mus rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov tshuaj polmoride dawb, nws feem ntau siv hauv kev kuaj mob ammonia.

Ammonia muaj tus yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua soluble hauv dej:

Ammonia yog soluble heev hauv dej, thiab cov xeeb ceem no yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Ntawm 0 degree, 1 ntim ntawm dej tuaj yeem yaj 1176 tagnrho ntawm ammonia, ib yam li dej muaj zog rau "nqos" ammonia. Vim li cas Ammonia kev hlub dej ntau heev? Ntxiv rau qhov tseeb tias ammonia (nh₃) thiab dej (h₂o) yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm hydrogen ua si lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lawv. Thaum tsis kub, nh₃ thiab h₂o tuaj yeem tsim ob lub ntsej muag crystalline: nhun hydr point ((melting point 194.15k) thiab 2Ntau (yaj) .32k). Nyob rau hauv cov hydrates crystalline, nh₃ molecules thiab holecules yog sib txuas ze los ntawm hydrogen bonds los tsim ib peb- qhov chaw siab. Vim li no, nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj aamia, feem ntau ntawm cov ammonia muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm hydrated ammonia molecules (feem ntau kuj ua rau ammonia dej sib xyaw. Vim yog qhov tseeb ntawm ammonia yog soluble nyob hauv dej, peb tsis tuaj yeem sau cov txheej txheem dej paug, tab sis yuav tsum siv qhov ceev ntawm ammonia me dua li ntawm huab cua.

Cim npe nrov: Ammonia NH3, Tuam Tshoj ammonia NH3 cov tuam ntxhab, cov chaw muag khoom, Hoobkas